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The Exhaust System
By Kevin Schappell, Tue Dec 6th
Your car's exhaust system carries away the gases created whenthe fuel and air are burned in the combustion chamber. Thesegases are harmful to humans and our environment. A frequentcheck of your exhaust system is a must to provide for you andyour family's safety. Make sure there are no holes in theexhaust system or in the passenger compartment where exhaustfumes could enter. Let's begin by listing the parts of theexhaust system and their functions. Exhaust manifold: Theexhaust manifold attaches to the cylinder head and takes eachcylinders exhaust and combines it into one pipe. The manifoldcan be made of steel, aluminum, stainless steel, or morecommonly cast iron. Oxygen sensor: All modern fuel injected carsutilize an oxygen sensor to measure how much oxygen is presentin the exhaust. From this the computer can add or subtract fuelto obtain the correct mixture for maximum fuel economy. Theoxygen sensor is mounted in the exhaust manifold or close to itin the exhaust pipe. Catalytic converter: This muffler like partconverts harmful carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons to water vaporand carbon dioxide. Some converters also reduce harmful nitrogenoxides. The converter is mounted between the exhaust manifoldand the muffler. Muffler: The muffler serves to quiet theexhaust down to acceptable levels. Remember that the combustionprocess is a series of explosions that create allot of noise.Most mufflers use baffles to bounce the exhaust arounddissipating the energy and quieting the noise. Some mufflersalso use fiberglass packing, which absorbs the sound energy asthe gases flow through. Exhaust pipe: Between all of the abovemention parts is the exhaust pipe which carries the gas throughit's journey out your tail pipe. Exhaust tubing is usually madeof steel but can be stainless steel (which lasts longer due toit's corrosion resistance) or aluminized steel tubing.Aluminized steel has better corrosion resistance than plainsteel but not better than stainless steel. It is however cheaperthan stainless steel. Common Problems: Well the worst enemy ofyour exhaust system is corrosion.... or more commonly known asrust.
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Rust is caused by moisture reacting with the iron in thesteel and forming iron oxide. Moisture, or water vapor ispresent in the exhaust as a by-product of combustion and thecatalytic converter. Moisture can also come from the outside inthe form of rain. Short trips in your car can shorten the lifeof your exhaust system. When you shut down your engine whateverwater vapor is in the pipes condenses and turns back into aliquid. On a short trip the water never has a chance to get hotenough to turn back into water vapor and just stays in thesystem and rusts away the pipes. If you drive for shortdistances consider replacing your exhaust system with stainlesssteel when the plain steel one rusts through. If you drive morethan 15 miles at a time then you should not have to worry aboutthis. If you live in an area, which uses salt on the roads inthe wintertime, make sure to wash the underside of you car withwater every few weeks. Salt speeds up the corrosion process andgetting it off as soon as possible will help stop the corrosion.Make sure you run the engine after washing to drive off all ofthe water on the pipes. Noticing a decrease in your gas mileage?Your oxygen sensor could be going south on you. As time goes onthe oxygen sensor begins to wear out and becomes less accurate.This sometimes results in a rich fuel mixture where your engineburns more fuel than is needed. Most of the time your checkengine light will come on and alert you to a failing oxygensensor. I suggest changing the oxygen sensor every 60,000 milesjust to be safe. Even though your check engine light might notbe on, you could be using more gas than is needed. Pay a fewbucks and change the sensor, your wallet will thank you when youhave to buy less gas down the road. The next part in line to gois the muffler. Most of the time mufflers rust through and needto be replaced. There are allot of options out there forreplacement mufflers. Some cheap and some expensive. It holdstrue... you get what you pay for. If you plan on keeping yourcar for any period of time, spend the extra cash and get an OEMmuffler or a high quality name brand muffler. On rare occasionsthe catalytic converter will become clogged and need to bereplaced. Symptoms include loss of power, heat coming from thefloor of your car, glowing red converter or a sulfur smell.Never let a mechanic tell you that you can do without thecatalytic converter. Removing this component is illegal in moststates and can lead to a hefty fine to the government if you arenot careful. That's about it for the exhaust system; justremember that rust is the biggest enemy to your exhaust system.Take the above-mentioned steps and your exhaust system will lasta long time About the author:Kevin Schappell maintains http://www.carbuyersclub.com where hegives advice on buying, selling, insurance, and financing. Amechanical engineer and car guy, Kevin has decided to spend hisonline time helping others learn about automobiles. To learnmore about how your car works, Kevin hascreatedhttp://www.mycarwizard.com
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